Today we toured Nuremberg, and learned more about Nazis and their signature war.
Poster in the Nuremberg Art Bunker, a re-purposed beer cellar. [“The enemy sees your light. Darken!”]Morning: a tour of an “Art Bunker”, where works of art were stored during WWII to prevent destruction by Allied bombs.
In the afternoon we visited the Nazi Party Rally Grounds, where up to half a million people attended Nazi rallies. Here’s a picture from wikipedia of the rally grounds in operation:
[Scherl] Reichsparteitag 1937. Der grosse Appell des Reichsarbeitsdienstes auf dem Zeppelinfeld. Übersicht während der Rede des Führeres. 11651-37This is what Trump fantasizes his MAGA rallies to be, but they are puny pale imitations. Here’s a picture of the grandstand from the same wikipedia article:
Here’s what remains in its Ozymandias glory:
Remains of the Zeppelinfeld at the Nazi Party Rally Grounds
Later we visited Room 600, where the Nuremberg trials were held.
Everywhere we go in Germany there are echoes of the war, grim reminders of what can happen when you let bad people run your country.
Cannons facing north
I have visited Cuba twice now — both visits were very short cruise stops in Havana Harbor, with group excursions organized by the cruise company that carefully met the requirements of the US State Department. Not enough exposure for profound insight, but enough to show me some of the narrowness of my own world view, and to convince me that US policy towards Cuba is profoundly stupid.
At first glance, Cubans have it good. They have high-quality universal health care, guaranteed employment, security in old age, universal education, food subsidies during hardship, housing subsidies, and little violent crime. Life is lively, personal free time is abundant, and art and music are valued. It’s a nice place to visit.
There are two big downsides to living in Cuba, though, that would keep me from living there.
First, the material standard of living is low — if you live in Cuba you don’t have many nice things, and the prospects for getting them are bleak. Infrastructure is old, decaying, or needing repair. Cubans have made an art out of restoring old things — famously, cars from the 1950’s — and are fantastically resourceful and creative. But you can only do so much with extremely limited means.
Cuba has weathered significant financial shocks that have made this situation sometimes much worse — the collapse of the sugar market, loss of subsidies when the Soviet Union dissolved, and, likely upcoming, loss of Venezuelan oil supports — but unlike many stressed authoritarian states, the well-being of the population seems to have remained a high priority. The leaders seem to adhere to the revolutionary rhetoric of the founders, and maintain at least a pretense of material equality.
The second downside is the political system. As a tourist I saw nothing of this, and there is always the possibility of serious misinformation from “official sources” from anywhere. But what I saw is completely consistent with a population trained to carefully avoid confrontation with authorities. You do what you are told, and you might as well be cheerful about it…
Why do I say that the US policy is idiocy? The revolution is over and cannot be undone. But the political system can change, and its leaders are pragmatic. The Cuban people on the whole are friendly to the US, and we and they would benefit from more contact.
